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CSS


Summary

Cascading style sheets (CSS) is the presentation language for web content. The World Wide Web Consortium maintains the CSS standard.

Explore our CSS docs

CSS learning material

Tutorials and concept articles to teach you CSS from the ground up.

CSS selectors

A reference guide to all the CSS selectors available.

CSS Properties

A reference guide to all the available CSS properties.


CSS Functions

A reference guide to all the CSS functions.


At-rules

A reference guide to the different CSS @rules (at-rules) available.


Media queries

A reference guide to the different types of available media query.


Note: If you are completely new to web development, you may want to review Web development for beginners.

Background

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a language that applies presentation (styling, layout, animation) to markup content (such as HTML, XHTML, SVG or XML). It is one of the main components of the Open Web Platform.

CSS allows you to style your content through a set of selectors and properties.

  • First version: The CSS 1 recommendation was described by Håkon Wium Lie and Bert Bos, and first published in 1996.
  • Current stable version: The CSS 2 recommendation was first published in 1998, but was not completely finished until 2011, despite being effectively stable for a number of years before that. Several modules from CSS3 are also stable as of the time of writing (December 2012). See "Current and future work".
  • Current and future work: The CSS Working group is working on a number of "modules", which describe different parts of the technology set known as CSS3. Some of these modules are stable, whereas some are in an experimental state and don't have much support across browsers. There is also work being done on various CSS4 modules, although it will be a while until these are ready for production work. See the CSS working group current work page for more information on what modules/specifications are at what stage of completion.

Contributing to the CSS technology

CSS development is handled by the CSS working group. To find out more, including how to participate, go to the CSS working group home page. For providing feedback and asking questions related to contributing to specs, a good place is the [www-style mailing list]. Bear in mind that it is not a suitable place for "how do I use CSS to style my web page" type questions.

Index of all CSS topics

css/MSCSSMatrix/apis/properties/a
css/Selectorscss/assigned
css/atrulescss/atrules/@charset
css/atrules/@font-facecss/atrules/@importcss/atrules/@keyframes
css/atrules/@mediacss/atrules/@namespacecss/atrules/@page
css/atrules/@regioncss/atrules/@supportscss/atrules/@viewport
css/colorcss/color/
css/color/colors by huecss/color/colors by lightnesscss/color/colors by name
css/color/colors by perceptual lightnesscss/color/colors by saturationcss/color/user-defined system colors
css/conceptscss/concepts/animatablecss/concepts/computed value
css/concepts/css applies tocss/concepts/cssomcss/concepts/fallback property
css/concepts/inheritedcss/concepts/initial value
css/cssomcss/cssom/CSSImportRulecss/cssom/CSSImportRule/href
css/cssom/CSSImportRule/mediacss/cssom/CSSKeyframeRulecss/cssom/CSSKeyframeRule/keyText
css/cssom/CSSKeyframeRule/stylecss/cssom/CSSKeyframesRulecss/cssom/CSSKeyframesRule/cssRules
css/cssom/CSSKeyframesRule/deleteRulecss/cssom/CSSKeyframesRule/findRulecss/cssom/CSSKeyframesRule/insertRule
css/cssom/CSSKeyframesRule/namecss/cssom/CSSMediaList/CSSMediaListcss/cssom/CSSMediaList/appendMedium
css/cssom/CSSMediaList/deleteMediumcss/cssom/CSSMediaList/itemcss/cssom/CSSMediaList/mediaText
css/cssom/CSSMediaRule/CSSMediaRulecss/cssom/CSSMediaRule/cssRulescss/cssom/CSSMediaRule/deleteRule
css/cssom/CSSMediaRule/insertRulecss/cssom/CSSMediaRule/mediacss/cssom/CSSNamespaceRule/CSSNamespaceRule
css/cssom/CSSNamespaceRule/namespaceURIcss/cssom/CSSNamespaceRule/prefixcss/cssom/CSSOM view
css/cssom/CSSRule
css/cssom/CSSRule/cssTextcss/cssom/CSSRule/parentRulecss/cssom/CSSRule/parentStyleSheet
css/cssom/CSSRule/typecss/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/CSSStyleDeclarationcss/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/cssText
css/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/getPropertyPrioritycss/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/getPropertyValuecss/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/item
css/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/removePropertycss/cssom/CSSStyleDeclaration/setPropertycss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/inverse
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/multiplycss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/rotatecss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/rotateAxisAngle
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/scalecss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/setMatrixValuecss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/skew
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/skewXcss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/skewYcss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/methods/toString
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/bcss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/ccss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/d
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/ecss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/fcss/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m11
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m12css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m13css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m14
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m21css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m22css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m23
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m24css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m31css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m32
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m33css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m34css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m41
css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m42css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m43css/cssom/MSCSSMatrix/properties/m44
css/cssom/currentStylecss/cssom/imports
css/cssom/methodscss/cssom/methods/addPageRulecss/cssom/methods/addRule
css/cssom/methods/createStyleSheetcss/cssom/methods/getComputedStylecss/cssom/methods/getExpression
css/cssom/methods/msGetPropertyEnabledcss/cssom/methods/msPutPropertyEnabledcss/cssom/methods/recalc
css/cssom/methods/removeExpression
css/cssom/methods/setExpression
css/cssom/pagecss/cssom/pagescss/cssom/pages/item
css/cssom/propertiescss/cssom/properties/backgroundcss/cssom/properties/clipBottom
css/cssom/properties/clipLeftcss/cssom/properties/clipRightcss/cssom/properties/clipTop
css/cssom/properties/cssFloatcss/cssom/properties/fontWeightcss/cssom/properties/hasLayout
css/cssom/properties/heightcss/cssom/properties/hrefcss/cssom/properties/imports
css/cssom/properties/innerHeightcss/cssom/properties/innerWidthcss/cssom/properties/isAlternate
css/cssom/properties/isPrefAlternatecss/cssom/properties/itemcss/cssom/properties/length
css/cssom/properties/mediacss/cssom/properties/offsetXcss/cssom/properties/offsetY
css/cssom/properties/outerHeightcss/cssom/properties/outerWidthcss/cssom/properties/pageX
css/cssom/properties/pageXOffsetcss/cssom/properties/pageYcss/cssom/properties/pageYOffset
css/cssom/properties/pixelBottomcss/cssom/properties/pixelHeightcss/cssom/properties/pixelLeft
css/cssom/properties/pixelRightcss/cssom/properties/pixelTopcss/cssom/properties/pixelWidth
css/cssom/properties/posBottomcss/cssom/properties/posHeightcss/cssom/properties/posLeft
css/cssom/properties/posRightcss/cssom/properties/posTopcss/cssom/properties/posWidth
css/cssom/properties/pseudoClasscss/cssom/properties/selectorcss/cssom/properties/selectorText
css/cssom/properties/sheetcss/cssom/properties/styleMediacss/cssom/properties/styleSheet
css/cssom/properties/styleSheetscss/cssom/properties/usedCharsetcss/cssom/properties/viewInheritStyle
css/cssom/properties/widthcss/cssom/properties/xcss/cssom/properties/y
css/cssom/rulecss/cssom/rule/selectorTextcss/cssom/rules
css/cssom/rules/itemcss/cssom/runtimeStylecss/cssom/screen
css/cssom/screen/availHeightcss/cssom/screen/availWidthcss/cssom/screen/bufferDepth
css/cssom/screen/colorDepthcss/cssom/screen/constructorcss/cssom/screen/deviceXDPI
css/cssom/screen/deviceYDPIcss/cssom/screen/fontSmoothingEnabledcss/cssom/screen/height
css/cssom/screen/logicalXDPIcss/cssom/screen/logicalYDPIcss/cssom/screen/pixelDepth
css/cssom/screen/systemXDPIcss/cssom/screen/systemYDPIcss/cssom/screen/updateInterval
css/cssom/screen/widthcss/cssom/stylecss/cssom/style/type
css/cssom/styleSheetcss/cssom/styleSheet/addImportcss/cssom/styleSheet/blockDirection
css/cssom/styleSheet/cssRulescss/cssom/styleSheet/cssTextcss/cssom/styleSheet/deleteRule
css/cssom/styleSheet/insertRulecss/cssom/styleSheet/ownerNodecss/cssom/styleSheet/ownerRule
css/cssom/styleSheet/owningElementcss/cssom/styleSheet/pagescss/cssom/styleSheet/parentStyleSheet
css/cssom/styleSheet/readOnlycss/cssom/styleSheet/rulescss/cssom/styleSheet/title
css/cssom/styleSheet/typecss/cssom/styleSheetscss/cssom/stylesheet/removeImport
css/cssom/stylesheet/removeRulecss/data typescss/data types/length
css/escss/exclusions/ms-wrap-flowcss/exclusions/ms-wrap-margin
css/exclusions/ms-wrap-throughcss/flexboxcss/fonts
css/fonts/font-variantcss/frcss/functions
css/functions/blurcss/functions/brightness
css/functions/calccss/functions/contrast
css/functions/cross-fadecss/functions/cubic-bezier
css/functions/customcss/functions/drop-shadow
css/functions/grayscalecss/functions/hue-rotate
css/functions/invert
css/functions/linear-gradientcss/functions/matrix()css/functions/matrix3d
css/functions/opacity
css/functions/perspectivecss/functions/radial-gradient
css/functions/repeating-linear-gradientcss/functions/repeating-radial-gradientcss/functions/rotate()
css/functions/rotate3d()css/functions/rotateX()css/functions/rotateY()
css/functions/rotateZ()css/functions/saturate
css/functions/scale()css/functions/scale3d()css/functions/scaleX()
css/functions/scaleY()css/functions/scaleZ()css/functions/sepia
css/functions/skew()css/functions/skewX()
css/functions/skewY()css/functions/steps
css/functions/translate()css/functions/translate3d()css/functions/translateX()
css/functions/translateY()css/functions/translateZ()css/functions/url()
css/generated and replaced contentcss/high contrast mode/properties/-ms-high-contrastcss/high contrast modeapis/properties/ms-high-contrast-adjust
css/keywordscss/ko
css/media queriescss/media queries/acceleratorcss/media queries/apis
css/media queries/apis/MediaQueryListcss/media queries/apis/MediaQueryListListenercss/media queries/apis/StyleMedia
css/media queries/apis/addListenercss/media queries/apis/handleChangecss/media queries/apis/matchMedia
css/media queries/apis/matchMediumcss/media queries/apis/matchescss/media queries/apis/media
css/media queries/apis/properties/typecss/media queries/apis/removeListenercss/media queries/aspect-ratio
css/media queries/colorcss/media queries/color-index
css/media queries/colors bycss/media queries/device-aspect-ratiocss/media queries/device-height
css/media queries/device-widthcss/media queries/filtercss/media queries/grid
css/media queries/heightcss/media queries/monochromecss/media queries/ms-interpolation-mode
css/media queries/orientationcss/media queries/resolutioncss/media queries/scan
css/media queries/view-modecss/media queries/widthcss/mediaqueries
css/namespacescss/propertiescss/properties/-ms-block-progression